preconception

Medical Monday: Breaking News from the World of Obstetrics and Gynecology

Policy News

Red Vs Blue United States America Map Presidential Election.jpg

This week, and maybe from here forward, policy is becoming more State based. A few blog posts ago, I highlighted the fact that the ACA (Affordable Care Act) is run differently in different States. Some States run it entirely themselves, with money coming from the Fed, while others have the Fed run it. Other States use a hybrid model. Many States are looking at potentially rising health insurance premium rates, which will be necessary to keep programs funded, and are beginning to add State based funds to defray the severity of the increases. In other words, they are providing their own insurance subsidies to their citizens who use the ACA for their health insurance. 

Many States are turning to work requirements for Medicaid Recipients. I believe the idea there is to incentive work and the earning of money , with which ACA or better insurance can be purchased. It is both to reduce the burden of Medicaid patients on a State by causing fewer people to actually need Medicaid, either in the short run or the long run. 

There are currently work requirement proposals in ten States, which could potentially impact 1.7 million. As an Obstetrician Gynecologist, I would advocate for separate work requirement algorithms for pregnant women versus others. 

The judicial branch of our government is starting to weigh in on the Trump administration’s changes on the way health care is being delivered in this country. An Ohio law blocked funding to 28 Planned Parenthood clinics. However, a Federal court has blocked this law, saying that while the State may prefer “ childbirth to abortion” defunding planned Parenthood has little to do with that question since this particular money is not used for the support or performance of abortion. In barring this law, many primary care health services will be safeguarded. 

There are several lawsuit against this administration’s defunding of the Teen Pregnancy Prevention Program. A Federal Judge in Washington DC has declared the termination of the program unlawful and ordered the DHHS, Department of Health and Human Services to move forward again with the application of four such applicants within the program. 

Medical News 

If a pregnant woman is a risk for gestational diabetes, her physician may ask her to improve her diet and be more active. It turns out that those who made the changes have better glucose regulation even one year after baby is born. 

Coming from the other direction, we have the following report from the esteemed Journal Lancet. It seems that the environmentally determined health of both mother and father play greatly into the ongoing health of future not-yet-conceived babies. Each parent’s condition, whether well nourished, stressed, obese or fit, has influence on the cells and the DNA from which future children will be made. This us believed to take place through a process called epigenetics in in which an indivudual’s present day physiologic circumstances feed make and alter the expression of their genes and the genes of their germ cell lines (eggs and sperm). The article goes on to conclude that it points to a whole new level of preconceptual counseling which we must do. 

COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) usually related to smoking, now kills more women than men in this country. The days of “Virginia Slims” a TV ad brazenly directed toward women, are coming back to haunt us. I try to to remind patients that tobacco related poisons are much harder on women than men, and that smaller people in general get a higher relative dose. 

Many breast cancer patients lose their hair, if not from chemotherapy, then more mild so from anti cancer hormone medications like tamoxifen. New research says Minoxidil can help reverse that. 

Newsflash: the USPSTF - the US Preventive Service Task Force feels there is now enough evidence to recommend exercise to prevent falls in those over 65. And while I jest at the commonsensical nature of this announcement, falls are a major concern for most people over 65 and can lead to serious and life threatening injuries. No matter what age you are now, consult with your caregiver to see how you can attain optimal health and fitness for the present and the future. Whatever it is, whether seated stretching or training for an Ironman, start now. You will not be getting any younger. That is, unless you get more fit. 

A recently reported study shows IUD (Intrauterine Device) use has increased in recent years through 2013. This is believed to have been related to dropping out of pocket prices. I suspect newer studies will show use has increased even further with many women chasing long acting methods for fear of losing affordable birth control coverage. 

US maternal mortality has been increasingly in the news. Despite all the press, maternal mortality continues to rise through the present, and is concentrated in certain areas of the country, most notably Texas. Many correlate the most severe statistics with poverty and discrimination. Of late, many also finger the defunding of primary care clinics, particularly those like Planned Parenthood, which served more real and lower income populations. There are, at present two Bipartisan pills stuck in Committees which would support the formation of state committees to track and prevent the phenomenon. 

Stay tuned for more breaking news from the world of Obstetrics and Gynecology, here, next week, on Medical Monday. 

Food (sort of) Friday: Prenatal Vitamins

Prenatal Vitamins are a standard part of prenatal care. But did you know they should be started at least three months before pregnancy ? And did you know that 50 % of all pregnancies are unplanned ? Given these two facts you could make an argument for all women of childbearing age to take prenatal vitamins all of the time. 

What makes prenatal vitamins so special ?

Mayo Clinic recommends that a prenatal vitamin include at least the following : 

  • Folic acid — 400 to 800 micrograms
  • Calcium — 250 milligrams
  • Iron — 30 milligrams
  • Vitamin C — 50 milligrams
  • Zinc — 15 milligrams
  • Copper — 2 milligrams
  • Vitamin B-6 — 2 milligrams
  • Vitamin D — 400 international units

Consider folic acid. This is given to prevent defects of the baby's brain and spinal cord, what we call neural tube defects. These defects form in the first 28 days after conception, so often times the woman does not even know she's pregnant. This is why it is ideal for women to be on them in the three months before pregnancy. As soon as a woman decides to try to become pregnant she should start a prenatal vitamin. 

Prenatal Vitamins are not always easy to take. I recommend taking a gummy prenatal vitamins  if nausea is a problem. I also recommend taking them with food in the evening. Sometimes they cause constipation. Of course that is best dealt with by fluids, fiber, fruit and vegetables, but stool softeners can be used .

Pregnant women need more of just about every nutrient. This also includes calcium and iron, in addition to folic acid. Calcium is necessary for building bone. Iron is necessary for manufacturing red blood cells which carry oxygen to mom and baby. A deficiency of iron results in anemia, which is suboptimal for both mom and baby. Personally, I think Calcium taken separately from the Prenatal vitamin or iron causes them both to absorb better. It is also good to note that Calcium citrate is the most easily absorbed type of Calcium. Additionally, calcium should be paired with vitamin D. Most over the counter calcium supplements do just this. 

Newer data also indicate that it is beneficial for pregnant women to ensure that they are consuming at least 200 milligrams of DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) in addition to their prenatal vitamins. This seems to be beneficial for the development of unborn baby's brain. It is available by supplement or incorporated into a prescription prenatal vitamin. 

But vitamins are not the whole story. I have prepared a page devoted entirely to preparation for a planned pregnancy. You might be surprised to see some of the things that it contains. Have a look HERE.